Metals and Non-Metals Class 10 Notes

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Greetings to all, today we are going to upload the Metals and Non-Metals Class 10 Notes PDF to assist you all. Chapter 3 science class 10th notes are one of the most essential guides for the students who desire to score good marks in their Class 10 science board examination. The scope that these revision notes provide has been made by some of the very experienced science teachers. They have prepared these notes exactly keeping in mind the updated CBSE procedures for class 10 science.

Notes of chapter 3 science class 10 metals and non-metals contain some important issues that have high marks weightage to reach in board exams.

Detailed Table of Chapter 3 Notes –  Metals and Non-Metals Class 10 Notes PDF

1. Board CBSE
2. Textbook NCERT
3. Class Class 10
4. Subject  Notes
5. Chapter Chapter 3
6. Chapter Name Metals and Non-Metals
7. Category CBSE Revision Notes

Metals and Non-Metals Class 10 Notes PDF- Short Notes

Corrosion
Alloys
Alloys are homogeneous mixtures of a metal with other metals or nonmetals. Alloy formation enhances the desirable properties of the material, such as hardness, tensile strength, and corrosion resistance.
Examples of a few alloys:
Brass: copper and zinc
Bronze: copper and tin
Solder: lead and tin
Amalgam: mercury and other metal
Corrosion
Gradual deterioration of material is usually a metal by the action of moisture, air, or chemicals in the surrounding environment.
Rusting:
4Fe(s)+3O2(from air)+xH2O(moisture)→2Fe2O3. xH2O(rust)
Corrosion of copper:
Cu(s)+H2O(moisture)+CO2(from air)→CuCO3.Cu(OH)2(green)
Corrosion of silver:
Ag(s)+H2S(from air)→Ag2S(black)+H2(g)
Prevention of Corrosion
Prevention:
1. Coating with paints or oil or grease: Application of paint or oil or grease on metal surfaces to keep out air and moisture.

  1. Alloying: Alloyed metal is more resistant to corrosion. Example: stainless steel.
  2. Galvanization: This is a process of coating molten zinc on iron articles. Zinc forms a protective layer and prevents corrosion.
  3. Electroplating: It is a method of coating one metal with another by the use of an electric current. This method not only lends protection but also enhances the metallic appearance.
    Example: silver plating, nickel plating.
  4. Sacrificial protection: Magnesium is more reactive than iron. When it is coated on the articles made of iron or steel, it acts as the cathode, undergoes reaction (sacrifice) instead of iron, and protects the articles.

Physical Properties
Physical Properties of Metals

  • Hard and have a high tensile strength
    ● Solid at room temperature
    ● Sonorous
    ● Good conductors of heat and electricity
    ● Malleable, i.e., can be beaten into thin sheets
    ● Ductile, i.e., can be drawn into thin wires
    ● High melting and boiling points (except Caesium (Cs) and Gallium (Ga))
    ● Dense, (except alkali metals). Osmium – highest density and lithium – least density
    ● Lustrous
    ● Silver-grey in color, (except gold and copper)

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